Tooth decay, if left unaddressed, progresses through distinct stages. Initially, the demineralization of enamel, the tooth’s outer layer, may be reversible with improved oral hygiene and fluoride treatments. However, once the decay penetrates the enamel and reaches the dentin, a softer, more vulnerable layer, it forms a cavity, or a hole in the tooth. Ignoring this early stage allows the decay to spread deeper.
Delaying treatment allows the decay to advance, potentially reaching the pulp, the innermost part of the tooth containing nerves and blood vessels. This can cause significant pain, sensitivity to temperature changes, and eventually, infection. The infection can spread beyond the tooth, leading to an abscess, which is a pocket of pus that can cause swelling in the face and neck. In severe cases, the infection can even spread to other parts of the body, requiring more extensive medical intervention. Furthermore, untreated decay can weaken the tooth structure, increasing the risk of fractures and tooth loss.
